The freeze-drying machine is divided into four parts: refrigeration system, vacuum system, heating system and control system. According to the structure, it is composed of freeze-drying box or drying box, condenser or water vapor condenser, refrigerator, vacuum pump and valve, electrical control elements, etc. Freeze drying box is a high and low temperature box which can be cooled to about - 55 ℃ and heated to about + 80 ℃. It is also a closed container which can be vacuumized. It is the main part of the freeze-drying machine. The products that need to be freeze-dried are placed on the layered metal plate in the box. The products are frozen and heated under vacuum to sublimate the moisture in the products and dry.

Can use a variety of channels to understand the actual production of equipment problems, timely solve, and apply this experience to the research and development of new equipment manufacturing; The manufacturing and debugging cycle of the equipment is shorter than that of foreign countries, and has the characteristics of low cost and sufficient maintenance resources. According to the above advantages, China's freeze dryer industry should make full use of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages. On the basis of not abandoning the introduction and absorption, it should pay full attention to the investment in equipment R & D and innovation, and move domestic and international customers with more perfect product series, more intimate design, more sufficient supporting facilities and more sophisticated manufacturing. From the perspective of equipment manufacturing, the manufacturing accuracy of freeze dryer in China is not high, and the appearance design is not beautiful enough. In addition, the beauty of appearance design is also very important. In domestic exhibitions, we can see that although the performance of some domestic equipment of the same type is better than that of foreign advanced equipment, the lack of appearance design directly affects the final choice of customers. Science and technology are productive forces.

The procedure of freeze-drying: before freeze-drying, the products to be freeze-dried should be packed in appropriate containers, generally glass mold bottles, glass tube bottles or ampoules, with uniform loading, as large as possible evaporation surface and as thin as possible thickness; And then put it into a metal plate which is suitable for the plate size of the freeze-drying box. For bottles, the chassis is usually taken off, which is conducive to the effective transfer of heat. Before packing, the freeze-drying box is cooled down, and then the product is put into the freeze-drying box for pre freezing; Or put the product on the plate layer of freeze-drying box and pre freeze at the same time; Before vacuumizing, make the condenser work ahead of time according to the cooling rate of the condenser refrigerator. When vacuumizing, the condenser should reach at least - 40 ℃;